Using Static Data Dictionary Views

All that we do on the database is recorded inside the static data dictionary tables. Data dictionary tables are not directly accessible, and we query them through data dictionary views. It takes time to know the details of each view but in the end it gives you the freedom to keep under the control the following:

  • schema objects
  • schema objects VALID status
  • the amount of the consumed resources by the schema objects
  • the dependencies between schema objects
  • the granted privileges on schema objects

Many data dictionary tables have three corresponding views:

  • ALL_ view
  • DBA_ view
  • USER_ view

An ALL_ view displays all the information accessible to the current user, which includes information from the current user’s schema, information from objects in other schemas, if the access to those objects is granted through privileges or roles to the current user.

A DBA_ view displays all information in the entire database. DBA_ views are accessible only by administrators.
They can be accessed by less privileged users if they are granted the SELECT ANY TABLE privilege.
This privilege is assigned to the DBA role when the system is initially installed.

A USER_ view displays all the information from the schema of the current user. No special privileges are required to query these views.

The columns of the ALL_, DBA_, and USER_ views corresponding to a single data dictionary table are nearly identical.

Each user should query the view DICTIONARY to know what views are available to him.

In my current Oracle Database 11g2, the DBA can access 2551 views:

sys@XE> select count(*) from dictionary;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      2551

If I create a new schema ANA

sys@XE> create user ana identified by swdev
  2  default tablespace USERS
  3  temporary tablespace TEMP;

User created.

sys@XE> alter user ana identified by swdev account unlock;

User altered.

sys@XE> grant connect, resource to ana;

Grant succeeded.

and if I connect to the database as the user ANA/SWDEV, I can access 804 views.

ana@XE> select count(*) from dictionary;

  COUNT(*)
----------
       804

ana@XE> desc dictionary
 Name              Null?    Type
 ----------------- -------- ----------------
 TABLE_NAME                 VARCHAR2(30)
 COMMENTS                   VARCHAR2(4000)

Only 689 views have a comment.

ana@XE> select count(comments) from dictionary;

COUNT(COMMENTS)
---------------
            689

How many of ALL_ , DBA_, and USER_ views can I access?

ana@XE> select count(*) from dictionary where table_name like 'ALL%';

  COUNT(*)
----------
       339

ana@XE> select count(*) from dictionary where table_name like 'DBA%';

  COUNT(*)
----------
         0

ana@XE> select count(*) from dictionary where table_name like 'USER%';

  COUNT(*)
----------
       361

I can not access DBA_ views, but I can access 339 ALL_ views and 361 USER_ views.

What USER_TAB_ views can I access?


ana@XE> select * 
from dictionary 
where table_name like 'USER_TAB%' 
and comments is not null
and rownum  < 6
order by 1;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
COMMENTS
------------------------------
USER_TABLES
Description of the user's own relational tables

USER_TABLESPACES
Description of accessible tablespaces

USER_TAB_COLS
Columns of user's tables, views and clusters

USER_TAB_COLUMNS
Columns of user's tables, views and clusters

USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
Columns of user's tables, views and clusters



The list of USER_ views that I usually query during the day is presented in the table of the post published on July, 21 2015.
If you want to know more about static dictionary views, the Oracle Database Reference Guide is listed under the reference [ref13].

WHY and HOW do I use static data dictionary views?

I want to know what schema objects are already in my schema.

ana@XE> select object_name
  2      , object_type
  3      , created
  4      , status
  5      , temporary
  6      , namespace
  7      from user_objects;

no rows selected

As I have been a new user to the database, there is no schema objects in my schema ANA.

I can copy create statements from the existing schema and add some objects to my schema.

ana@XE> select object_type, count(*) total
  2  from user_objects
  3  group by object_type
  4  order by 1;

OBJECT_TYPE              TOTAL
-------------------      ----------
FUNCTION                     1
LOB                          2
SEQUENCE                     1
TABLE                        1
TRIGGER                      1

I created 1 function, 2 LOB objects, 1 sequence, 1 table, and 1 trigger.

What are their names?


ana@XE> select object_name
  2      , object_type
  3      , created
  4      , status
  5      , temporary
  6      , namespace
  7      from user_objects;

OBJECT_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------
OBJECT_TYPE              CREATED   STATUS    T  NAMESPACE
-------------------      -----     ------    -  ----------
FUNCT_GET_DDL
FUNCTION                 23-JUL-15   VALID   N          1

TWEETS
TABLE                    23-JUL-15   VALID   N          1

SYS_LOB0000020438C00003$$
LOB                      23-JUL-15   VALID   N          8

SYS_LOB0000020438C00002$$
LOB                      23-JUL-15   VALID   N          8

TWEETS_SEQ
SEQUENCE                 23-JUL-15   VALID   N          1

TWEETS_TR_INSERT
TRIGGER                  23-JUL-15   VALID   N          3


6 rows selected.

From here, I can easily query USER_ views and learn more about existing schema objects.

ana@XE> select * from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME                     TABLESPACE_NAME                CLUSTER_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
IOT_NAME                       STATUS     PCT_FREE   PCT_USED  INI_TRANS  MAX_TRANS INITIAL_EXTENT
------------------------------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------
NEXT_EXTENT MIN_EXTENTS MAX_EXTENTS PCT_INCREASE  FREELISTS FREELIST_GROUPS LOG B   NUM_ROWS
----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- --------------- --- - ----------
    BLOCKS EMPTY_BLOCKS  AVG_SPACE  CHAIN_CNT AVG_ROW_LEN AVG_SPACE_FREELIST_BLOCKS
---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------- -------------------------
NUM_FREELIST_BLOCKS DEGREE
------------------- ----------------------------------------
INSTANCES                                CACHE                TABLE_LO SAMPLE_SIZE LAST_ANAL PAR
---------------------------------------- -------------------- -------- ----------- --------- ---
IOT_TYPE     T S NES BUFFER_ FLASH_C CELL_FL ROW_MOVE GLO USE DURATION        SKIP_COR MON
------------ - - --- ------- ------- ------- -------- --- --- --------------- -------- ---
CLUSTER_OWNER                  DEPENDEN COMPRESS COMPRESS_FOR DRO REA SEG RESULT_
------------------------------ -------- -------- ------------ --- --- --- -------
TWEETS                         USERS
                               VALID            10                     1        255          65536
    1048576           1  2147483645                                         YES N

                             1
         1                                   N                ENABLED                        NO
             N N NO  DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DISABLED NO  NO                  DISABLED YES
                               DISABLED DISABLED              NO  NO  YES DEFAULT

The table Tweets is created in the tablespace USERS, it does not belong to any cluster, and it is VALID.


ana@XE> select table_name, comments from user_tab_comments;

TABLE_NAME                    
COMMENTS
------------------------------------------------------
TWEETS                         
Tweets table contains tweets and their attached photos

ana@XE> select * from user_col_comments;

TABLE_NAME                     COLUMN_NAME
------------------------------ -----------------
COMMENTS
------------------------------------------------
TWEETS                         ID
The ID is the identification number of the tweet.

TWEETS                         TEXT
The content of the tweet.

TWEETS                         PHOTO
The photo attached to the tweet.

Tweets table has 3 columns, ID, TEXT, and PHOTO.


ana@XE> select table_name, column_name, substr(data_type, 1, 8) data_type from user_tab_cols;

TABLE_NAME        COLUMN_NAME     DATA_TYPE
----------        -----------     -------------
TWEETS            ID              NUMBER
TWEETS            TEXT            CLOB
TWEETS            PHOTO           BLOB


Tweets table columns are of CLOB and BLOB data types.


ana@XE> select * from user_sequences;

SEQUENCE_NAME MIN  MAX        INC C O CACHE_SIZE LAST_NUMBER
------------  ---- ---------- --- - - ---------- ----------- 
TWEETS_SEQ    1    1.0000E+28   1 N N          0          1

ana@XE> select * from user_triggers;

TRIGGER_NAME                   TRIGGER_TYPE
------------------------------ ----------------
TRIGGERING_EVENT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE_OWNER                    BASE_OBJECT_TYPE TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------------
COLUMN_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REFERENCING_NAMES
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WHEN_CLAUSE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
--------
DESCRIPTION
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACTION_TYPE TRIGGER_BODY                                                                     CROSSED
----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------
BEF BEF AFT AFT INS FIR APP
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
TWEETS_TR_INSERT               BEFORE EACH ROW
INSERT
ANA                            TABLE            TWEETS

REFERENCING NEW AS NEW OLD AS OLD

ENABLED
"ANA"."TWEETS_TR_INSERT"
BEFORE INSERT ON tweets
FOR EACH ROW
PL/SQL      BEGIN                                                                            NO
            SELECT tweets_seq.nextval INTO :new.ID FROM DUAL;
            END;
NO  NO  NO  NO  NO  YES NO

The trigger TWEETS_TR_INSERT will fire on insert on the table TWEETS for each row, it is valid, and its body is listed in the column TRIGGER_BODY.


ana@XE> select * from user_procedures;

OBJECT_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROCEDURE_NAME                  OBJECT_ID SUBPROGRAM_ID OVERLOAD
------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
OBJECT_TYPE         AGG PIP IMPLTYPEOWNER                  IMPLTYPENAME                   PAR INT
------------------- --- --- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ --- ---
DET AUTHID
--- ------------
FUNCT_GET_DDL
                                    20434             1
FUNCTION            NO  NO                                                                NO  NO
NO  CURRENT_USER

TWEETS_TR_INSERT
                                    20444             1
TRIGGER             NO  NO                                                                NO  NO
NO  DEFINER

My schema contains two PL/SQL subprograms, one function FUNCT_GET_DDL, and one trigger TWEETS_TR_INSERT.

Below, the source code of both PL/SQL subprograms is listed.

ana@XE> select text from all_source where owner = 'ANA';

TEXT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUNCTION       "FUNCT_GET_DDL"
  (  p_in_type VARCHAR2
   , p_in_schema VARCHAR2
   , p_in_name VARCHAR2 )
RETURN CLOB
AUTHID CURRENT_USER
IS

-- Define local variables.

  l_h NUMBER; --handle returned by OPEN
  l_th NUMBER; -- handle returned by ADD_TRANSFORM
  l_doc CLOB; --returned sql ddl statement

BEGIN

-- Specify the object type.

  l_h := DBMS_METADATA.OPEN(p_in_type);

-- Use filters to specify the particular object desired.

  DBMS_METADATA.SET_FILTER(l_h,'SCHEMA',p_in_schema);
  DBMS_METADATA.SET_FILTER(l_h,'NAME',p_in_name);

-- Request that the metadata be transformed into creation DDL.

  l_th := DBMS_METADATA.ADD_TRANSFORM(l_h,'DDL');

-- Fetch the object.

  l_doc := DBMS_METADATA.FETCH_CLOB(l_h);

-- Release resources.

  DBMS_METADATA.CLOSE(l_h);

-- Return the result

  RETURN l_doc;

EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
END;


TRIGGER "ANA"."TWEETS_TR_INSERT"
BEFORE INSERT ON tweets
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT tweets_seq.nextval INTO :new.ID FROM DUAL;
END;

51 rows selected.

There are other useful USER_ views about table columns. From the USER_UPDATABLE_COLUMNS we can see what columns we can UPDATE.


ana@XE> select * from user_updatable_columns;

OWNER     TABLE_NAME      COLUMN_NAME    UPD INS  DEL
--------- -----------     -----------    --- ---  ---
ANA       TWEETS          ID             YES YES  YES
ANA       TWEETS          TEXT           YES YES  YES
ANA       TWEETS          PHOTO          YES YES  YES

The view USER_TRIGGER_COLS tells us that the trigger TWEETS_TR_INSERT inserts new value to the column TWEETS.ID.

ana@XE> select * from user_trigger_cols;

TRIGGER_OWNER                  TRIGGER_NAME                   TABLE_OWNER
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
COLUMN_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COL COLUMN_USAGE
--- -----------------
ANA                            TWEETS_TR_INSERT               ANA
TWEETS
ID
NO  NEW OUT

If we wanted to know what resources our table consumes, there are two useful views, USER_TABLESPACES and USER_SEGMENTS.

ana@XE> select * from user_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME                BLOCK_SIZE INITIAL_EXTENT NEXT_EXTENT MIN_EXTENTS MAX_EXTENTS
------------------------------ ---------- -------------- ----------- ----------- -----------
  MAX_SIZE PCT_INCREASE MIN_EXTLEN STATUS    CONTENTS  LOGGING   FOR EXTENT_MAN ALLOCATIO SEGMEN
---------- ------------ ---------- --------- --------- --------- --- ---------- --------- ------
DEF_TAB_ RETENTION   BIG PREDICA ENC COMPRESS_FOR
-------- ----------- --- ------- --- ------------
SYSTEM                               8192          65536                       1  2147483645
2147483645                   65536 ONLINE    PERMANENT LOGGING   NO  LOCAL      SYSTEM    MANUAL
DISABLED NOT APPLY   NO  HOST    NO

SYSAUX                               8192          65536                       1  2147483645
2147483645                   65536 ONLINE    PERMANENT LOGGING   NO  LOCAL      SYSTEM    AUTO
DISABLED NOT APPLY   NO  HOST    NO

UNDOTBS1                             8192          65536                       1  2147483645
2147483645                   65536 ONLINE    UNDO      LOGGING   NO  LOCAL      SYSTEM    MANUAL
DISABLED NOGUARANTEE NO  HOST    NO

TEMP                                 8192        1048576     1048576           1
2147483645            0    1048576 ONLINE    TEMPORARY NOLOGGING NO  LOCAL      UNIFORM   MANUAL
DISABLED NOT APPLY   NO  HOST    NO

USERS                                8192          65536                       1  2147483645
2147483645                   65536 ONLINE    PERMANENT LOGGING   NO  LOCAL      SYSTEM    AUTO
DISABLED NOT APPLY   NO  HOST    NO


ana@XE> select * from user_segments;

SEGMENT_NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PARTITION_NAME                 SEGMENT_TYPE       SEGMENT_SU TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
     BYTES     BLOCKS    EXTENTS INITIAL_EXTENT NEXT_EXTENT MIN_EXTENTS MAX_EXTENTS   MAX_SIZE
---------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------
RETENTI MINRETENTION PCT_INCREASE  FREELISTS FREELIST_GROUPS BUFFER_ FLASH_C CELL_FL
------- ------------ ------------ ---------- --------------- ------- ------- -------
TWEETS
                               TABLE              ASSM       USERS
     65536          8          1          65536     1048576           1  2147483645 2147483645
                                                             DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT

SYS_IL0000020438C00002$$
                               LOBINDEX           ASSM       USERS
     65536          8          1          65536     1048576           1  2147483645 2147483645
                                                             DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT

SYS_IL0000020438C00003$$
                               LOBINDEX           ASSM       USERS
     65536          8          1          65536     1048576           1  2147483645 2147483645
                                                             DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT

SYS_LOB0000020438C00002$$
                               LOBSEGMENT         ASSM       USERS
     65536          8          1          65536     1048576           1  2147483645 2147483645
                                                             DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT

SYS_LOB0000020438C00003$$
                               LOBSEGMENT         ASSM       USERS
     65536          8          1          65536     1048576           1  2147483645 2147483645
                                                             DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT

From the view USER_SEGMENTS, we can see that our table TWEETS is inside the segment TWEETS, and the segment belongs to the tablespace USERS.
The SQL statement CREATE TABLE TWEETS created two LOBSEGMENT segments, one for the column TEXT, and the other for the column PHOTO, and also it created two LOBINDEX segments, one for the column TEXT, and the other for the column PHOTO.

If we need more information about each column of the table TWEETS, we will query the view USER_TAB_COLS or USER_TAB_COLUMNS.


ana@XE> select * from user_tab_columns where COLUMN_NAME = 'TEXT';

TABLE_NAME                     COLUMN_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
DATA_TYPE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DAT
---
DATA_TYPE_OWNER
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA_LENGTH DATA_PRECISION DATA_SCALE N  COLUMN_ID DEFAULT_LENGTH
----------- -------------- ---------- - ---------- --------------
DATA_DEFAULT                                                                     NUM_DISTINCT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
LOW_VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
HIGH_VALUE                                                          DENSITY  NUM_NULLS NUM_BUCKETS
---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- -----------
LAST_ANAL SAMPLE_SIZE CHARACTER_SET_NAME                           CHAR_COL_DECL_LENGTH GLO USE
--------- ----------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------- --- ---
AVG_COL_LEN CHAR_LENGTH C V80 DAT HISTOGRAM
----------- ----------- - --- --- ---------------
TWEETS                         TEXT
CLOB
       4000                           Y          2
                      CHAR_CS                                                      4000 NO  NO
                      0   NO  YES NONE

ana@XE> select * from user_tab_columns where COLUMN_NAME = 'PHOTO';

TABLE_NAME                     COLUMN_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
DATA_TYPE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DAT
---
DATA_TYPE_OWNER
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA_LENGTH DATA_PRECISION DATA_SCALE N  COLUMN_ID DEFAULT_LENGTH
----------- -------------- ---------- - ---------- --------------
DATA_DEFAULT                                                                     NUM_DISTINCT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
LOW_VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
HIGH_VALUE                                                          DENSITY  NUM_NULLS NUM_BUCKETS
---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- -----------
LAST_ANAL SAMPLE_SIZE CHARACTER_SET_NAME                           CHAR_COL_DECL_LENGTH GLO USE
--------- ----------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------- --- ---
AVG_COL_LEN CHAR_LENGTH C V80 DAT HISTOGRAM
----------- ----------- - --- --- ---------------
TWEETS                         PHOTO
BLOB
       4000                           Y          3
                                                                                        NO  NO
                      0   NO  YES NONE

The CREATE TABLE TWEETS statement also created indexes for both LOB columns.

ana@XE> select * from user_indexes;

INDEX_NAME                     INDEX_TYPE                  TABLE_OWNER
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------
TABLE_NAME                     TABLE_TYPE  UNIQUENES COMPRESS PREFIX_LENGTH
------------------------------ ----------- --------- -------- -------------
TABLESPACE_NAME                 INI_TRANS  MAX_TRANS INITIAL_EXTENT NEXT_EXTENT MIN_EXTENTS
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------- -----------
MAX_EXTENTS PCT_INCREASE PCT_THRESHOLD INCLUDE_COLUMN  FREELISTS FREELIST_GROUPS   PCT_FREE LOG
----------- ------------ ------------- -------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- ---
    BLEVEL LEAF_BLOCKS DISTINCT_KEYS AVG_LEAF_BLOCKS_PER_KEY AVG_DATA_BLOCKS_PER_KEY
---------- ----------- ------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
CLUSTERING_FACTOR STATUS     NUM_ROWS SAMPLE_SIZE LAST_ANAL DEGREE
----------------- -------- ---------- ----------- --------- ----------------------------------------
INSTANCES                                PAR T G S BUFFER_ FLASH_C CELL_FL USE DURATION
---------------------------------------- --- - - - ------- ------- ------- --- ---------------
PCT_DIRECT_ACCESS ITYP_OWNER                     ITYP_NAME
----------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
PARAMETERS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GLO DOMIDX_STATU DOMIDX FUNCIDX_ JOI IOT DRO VISIBILIT DOMIDX_MANAGEM SEG
--- ------------ ------ -------- --- --- --- --------- -------------- ---
SYS_IL0000020438C00002$$       LOB                         ANA
TWEETS                         TABLE       UNIQUE    DISABLED
USERS                                   2        255          65536     1048576           1
 2147483645                                                                              10 YES

                  VALID                                     0
0                                        NO  N Y N DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT NO


NO                               NO  NO  NO  VISIBLE                  YES

SYS_IL0000020438C00003$$       LOB                         ANA
TWEETS                         TABLE       UNIQUE    DISABLED
USERS                                   2        255          65536     1048576           1
 2147483645                                                                              10 YES

                  VALID                                     0
0                                        NO  N Y N DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT NO


NO                               NO  NO  NO  VISIBLE                  YES


The view USER_LOBS shows all details about table TWEETS LOB columns TEXT and PHOTO.

ana@XE> select * from user_lobs;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
COLUMN_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
     CHUNK PCTVERSION  RETENTION  FREEPOOLS CACHE      LOGGING ENCR COMPRE DEDUPLICATION   IN_
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- ---- ------ --------------- ---
FORMAT          PAR SEC SEG RETENTI RETENTION_VALUE
--------------- --- --- --- ------- ---------------
TWEETS
TEXT
SYS_LOB0000020438C00002$$      USERS                          SYS_IL0000020438C00002$$
      8192                   900            NO         YES     NONE NONE   NONE            YES
ENDIAN NEUTRAL  NO  NO  YES YES

TWEETS
PHOTO
SYS_LOB0000020438C00003$$      USERS                          SYS_IL0000020438C00003$$
      8192                   900            NO         YES     NONE NONE   NONE            YES
NOT APPLICABLE  NO  NO  YES YES

If we query USER_LOBS for the specific information about LOBs, such as

  • if it is a BASICFILE or SECUREFILE
  • whether or not the LOB is encrypted
    • for SecureFiles: YES or NO
    • for BasicFiles: NONE – Not applicable
  • the level of compression used for the LOB
    • for SecureFiles: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH, NO
    • for BasicFiles: NONE – Not applicable
  • kind of deduplication used for this LOB
    • for SecureFiles: LOB – Deduplicate, NO – Keep duplicates
    • for BasicFiles: NONE – Not applicable

we will do it with the following statement:


ana@XE> select table_name
  2  , column_name
  3  , segment_name
  4  , tablespace_name
  5  , index_name
  6  , cache
  7  , logging
  8 , securefile
  9  , compression
 10  , deduplication
 11  , encrypt
 12  from user_lobs;
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
COLUMN_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
CACHE      LOGGING SEC COMPRE DEDUPLICATION   ENCR
---------- ------- --- ------ --------------- ----
TWEETS
TEXT
SYS_LOB0000020438C00002$$      USERS                          SYS_IL0000020438C00002$$
NO         YES     NO  NONE   NONE            NONE

TWEETS
PHOTO
SYS_LOB0000020438C00003$$      USERS                          SYS_IL0000020438C00003$$
NO         YES     NO  NONE   NONE            NONE


Both LOBs, TEXT and PHOTO, are BASICFILEs, they are not compressed, deduplicated or encrypted.

And finally, we should know what schema objects are dependent on.

The function FUNCT_GET_DDL depends on the packages STANDARD, DBMS_METADATA, DBMS_OUTPUT, SYS_STUB_FOR_PURITY_ANALYSIS, and DBMS_LOB.

The trigger TWEETS_TR_INSERT depends on the package STANDARD, the tables DUAL and TWEETS, and the sequence TWEETS_SEQ.

ana@XE> select * from user_dependencies;

NAME                           TYPE               REFERENCED_OWNER
------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------------------
REFERENCED_NAME                                                  REFERENCED_TYPE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------
REFERENCED_LINK_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  SCHEMAID DEPE
---------- ----
FUNCT_GET_DDL                  FUNCTION           SYS
STANDARD                                                         PACKAGE
        49 HARD

FUNCT_GET_DDL                  FUNCTION           PUBLIC
DBMS_METADATA                                                    SYNONYM
        49 HARD

FUNCT_GET_DDL                  FUNCTION           PUBLIC
DBMS_OUTPUT                                                      SYNONYM
        49 HARD

FUNCT_GET_DDL                  FUNCTION           SYS
SYS_STUB_FOR_PURITY_ANALYSIS                                     PACKAGE
        49 HARD

FUNCT_GET_DDL                  FUNCTION           SYS
DBMS_LOB                                                         PACKAGE
        49 HARD

TWEETS_TR_INSERT               TRIGGER            SYS
STANDARD                                                         PACKAGE
        49 HARD

TWEETS_TR_INSERT               TRIGGER            PUBLIC
DUAL                                                             SYNONYM
        49 HARD

TWEETS_TR_INSERT               TRIGGER            ANA
TWEETS                                                           TABLE
        49 HARD

TWEETS_TR_INSERT               TRIGGER            ANA
TWEETS_SEQ                                                       SEQUENCE
        49 HARD

9 rows selected.

SUMMARY

The Oracle Database is a complex system that contains many information inside itself.

The static data dictionary views collect all actions on the schema objects and it is necessary to know them better as that knowledge increases a developer productivity in everyday work.

REFERENCE

[ref13]Oracle® Database Reference 11g Release 2 (11.2) E25513-04

I hope this will be useful for anyone who would like to learn more about Oracle Database.

Thank you for visiting my blog!

Have a nice day!

P.S. Keep climbing Mount Olympus ( I mean keep learning and make things happen ) !

Static Data Dictionary Views

This is the list of the static data dictionary views that are very useful whatever you do with the schema objects and which I will refer in the posts that are coming.

VIEW NAME DESCRIPTION
USER_ALL_TABLES

describes the object tables and relational tables owned by the current user.

USER_ARGUMENTS

lists the arguments of the functions and procedures that are owned by the current user.

USER_CATALOG

lists tables, views, clusters, synonyms, and sequences owned by the current user.

USER_CLUSTERS

describes all the clusters owned by the current user.

USER_COL_COMMENTS

displays comments on the columns of the tables and views owned by the current user.

USER_COL_PENDING_STATS

describes the pending statistics of the columns owned by the current user.

USER_COL_PRIVS

describes the column object grants for which the current user is the object owner, grantor, or grantee.

USER_COL_PRIVS_MADE

describes the column object grants for which the current user is the object owner.

USER_COL_PRIVS_RECD

describes the column object grants for which the current user is the grantee.

USER_COLL_TYPES

describes named collection types (VARRAYs, nested tables, object tables, and so on) in the current user’s schema.

USER_CONS_COLUMNS

describes columns that are owned by the current user and that are specified in constraint definitions.

USER_CONS_OBJ_COLUMNS displays information about the types that object columns (or attributes) or collection elements have been constrained to, in the tables owned by the
current user.

USER_CONSTRAINTS

describes all constraint definitions on tables owned by the current user.

USER_CREDENTIALS

displays credentials owned by the current user.

USER_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS

maintains encryption algorithm information for all encrypted columns in all tables in the user’s schema.

USER_ERRORS

describes the current errors on the stored objects owned by the current user.

USER_EXTENTS

describes the extents comprising the segments owned by the current user’s objects.

USER_EXTERNAL_LOCATIONS

describes the locations (data sources) of the external tables owned by the current user.

USER_EXTERNAL_TABLES

describes the external tables owned by the current user.

USER_FREE_SPACE

describes the free extents in the tablespaces accessible to the current user.

USER_IDENTIFIERS

displays information about the identifiers in the stored objects owned by the current user.

USER_INDEXES

describes indexes owned by the current user. To gather statistics for this view, use the DBMS_STATS package. This view supports parallel partitioned index scans.

USER_INDEXTYPES

describes the indextypes owned by the current user.

USER_INTERNAL_TRIGGERS

describes the internal triggers on all tables owned by the current user.

USER_LIBRARIES

describes the libraries owned by the current user

USER_LOB_PARTITIONS

displays the LOB partitions contained in the tables owned by the current user.

USER_LOB_SUBPARTITIONS

displays partition-level attributes of the LOB data subpartitions owned by the current user.

USER_LOBS

displays the user’s CLOBs and BLOBs contained in the user’s tables. BFILEs are stored outside the database, so they are not described by this view

USER_NESTED_TABLE_COLS

describes the columns of the nested tables owned by the current user.

USER_NESTED_TABLES

describes the nested tables in tables owned by the current user.

USER_OBJECT_TABLES

describes the object tables owned by the current user.

USER_OBJECTS

describes all objects owned by the current user.

USER_OPERATORS

describes all operators owned by the current user.

USER_PASSWORD_LIMITS

describes the password profile parameters that are assigned to the user.

USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES

describes the user’s own named PL/SQL collection types.

USER_PLSQL_TYPES

describes the user’s own PL/SQL types.

USER_POLICIES

describes all Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD) security policies associated with objects owned by the current user.

USER_POLICY_ATTRIBUTES

lists the attribute associations {Namespaces, Attributes} of all context-sensitive and shared-context sensitive Oracle Virtual Private Database
(VPD) policies for synonyms, tables, or views owned by the user.

USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS

describes the driving contexts defined for the synonyms, tables, and views owned by the current user.

USER_POLICY_GROUPS

describes the policy groups defined for the synonyms, tables, and views owned by the current user.

USER_PROCEDURES

lists all functions and procedures that are owned by the current user, along with their associated properties.

USER_ROLE_PRIVS

describes the roles granted to the current user.

USER_SEGMENTS

describes the storage allocated for the segments owned by the current user’s objects.

USER_SEQUENCES

describes all sequences owned by the current user.

USER_SOURCE

describes the text source of the stored objects owned by the current user.

USER_SQLSET

displays information about the SQL tuning sets owned by the current user.

USER_SQLSET_BINDS

displays the bind values associated with the SQL tuning sets owned by the current user.

USER_STORED_SETTINGS

lists information about the persistent parameter settings for stored PL/SQL units, but only shows information about PL/SQL units owned by the
current user.

USER_SYNONYMS

describes the private synonyms (synonyms owned by the current user).

USER_SYS_PRIVS

describes system privileges granted to the current user.

USER_TAB_COLS

describes the columns of the tables, views, and clusters owned by the
current user. This view differs from “USER_TAB_COLUMNS” in that system-generated
hidden columns and invisible columns, which are user-generated
hidden columns, are not filtered out.

USER_TAB_COLUMNS

describes the columns of the tables, views, and clusters owned by
the current user. The USER_TAB_COLS view can display system-generated hidden columns and invisible
columns, which are user-generated hidden columns.

USER_TAB_COMMENTS

displays comments on the tables and views owned by the current user.

USER_TAB_PRIVS

describes the object grants for which the current user is the object owner, grantor, or grantee.

USER_TAB_PRIVS_MADE

describes the object grants for which the current user is the object owner.

USER_TAB_PRIVS_RECD

describes the object grants for which the current user is the grantee.

USER_TAB_STAT_PREFS

displays information about statistics preferences for the tables owned by the current user.

USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS

describes, for each table subpartition owned by the current user, the subpartition name, name of the table and partition to which it belongs, and its
storage attributes.

USER_TABLES

describes the relational tables owned by the current user.

USER_TABLESPACES

describes the tablespaces accessible to the current user.

USER_TRIGGER_COLS

describes the use of columns in the triggers owned by the current user and in triggers on tables owned by the current user.

USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING

describes the triggers owned by the current user that have FOLLOWS or PRECEDES ordering.

USER_TRIGGERS

describes the triggers owned by the current user.

USER_TYPES

describes the object types owned by the current user.

USER_UNUSED_COL_TABS

describes the tables owned by the current user that contain unused columns.

USER_UPDATABLE_COLUMNS

describes columns in a join view that can be updated by the current user, subject to appropriate privileges.

USER_USERS

describes the current user.

USER_VARRAYS

describes the varrays owned by the current user.

USER_VIEWS

describes the views owned by the current user.

USER_WALLET_ACES describes the status of access control entries for the current user to access wallets through PL/SQL network utility packages. Its columns (except for ACE_ORDER, START_DATE, END_DATE, GRANT_TYPE, INVERTED_PRINCIPAL, PRINCIPAL, PRINCIPAL_TYPE, and STATUS) are the same as those in DBA_WALLET_ACES.

I hope this will be helpful for anyone who would like to learn more about Oracle Database.

Thank you for visiting my blog!

Have a nice day!

P.S. Keep climbing Mount Olympus ( I mean keep learning and make things happen ) !

Oracle Database 12c SQL statements Review

All Statements in the column NEW have been updated in the 12.1.0.2 release.

The Oracle Database 12c SQL DML statements access and manipulate data in existing schema objects

SATEMENT PAGE NEW COMMIT PL/SQL SUPPORT
SELECT 77 SELECT DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. SELECT INTO is fully supported in PL/SQL code,
but SELECT without INTO must be executed dynamically in PL/SQL code.
INSERT 17 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
UPDATE 71 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
DELETE 9 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
MERGE 5 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
LOCK TBLE 3 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
EXPLAIN PLAN 4 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Supported in PL/SQL only when executed dynamically.
CALL 4 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Supported in PL/SQL only when executed dynamically.

The Oracle Database 12c Transaction Control Statements manage changes made by DML statements

SATEMENT PAGE NEW COMMIT PL/SQL SUPPORT
COMMIT 14 Commits a transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
ROLLBACK 2 Rolls back a transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
SAVEPOINT 2 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
SET TRANSACTION 3 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.
SET CONSTRAINT[S] 2 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. Fully Supported in PL/SQL.

The Oracle Database 12c SQL DDL statements create, alter, and drop schema objects, grant and revoke privileges and roles, analyze information on a table, index, or cluster, establish auditing options, add comments to the data dictionary

SATEMENT PAGE NEW COMMIT PL/SQL SUPPORT
ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT 19 ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
ALTER … 345

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE

ALTER CLUSTER

ALTER TABLE

ALTER INDEX

ALTER INDEXTYPE

ALTER SEQUENCE

ALTER DATABASE

ALTER DISKGROUP

ALTER FLASHBACK ARCHIVE

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

ALTER MATERIALIZED ZONEMAP

ALTER AUDIT POLICY (Unified Auditing)

Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
CREATE … 361

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE

CREATE CLUSTER

CREATE TABLE

CREATE TABLESPACE

CREATE INDEX

CREATE INDEXTYPE

CREATE SEQUENCE

CREATE DISKGROUP

CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE

CREATE VIEW

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

CREATE MATERIALIZED ZONEMAP

Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
DROP … 56

DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE

DROP MATERIALIZED ZONEMAP

DROP AUDIT POLICY (Unified Auditing)

Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
FLASHBACK … 9 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
ANALYZE 8 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
ASSOCIATE
STATISTICS
4 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
AUDIT … 19 CREATE AUDIT POLICY (Unified Auditing)

AUDIT (Unified Auditing)
Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
CREATE COMMENT 2 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
DROP DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS 2 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
GRANT 27 GRANT Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
NOAUDIT … 9 NOAUDIT (Unified Auditing) Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
PURGE 2 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
RENAME 2 Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
REVOKE 10 REVOKE Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.
TRUNCATE… 6 TRUNCATE TABLE Implicit COMMIT of the current transaction before and after every DDL statement. Supported by PL/SQL with the use of the DBMS_SQL package.

Be aware of the following facts:

  • The CREATE, ALTER, and DROP commands require exclusive access to the specified object. For example, an ALTER TABLE statement fails if another user has an open transaction on the specified table.
  • The GRANT, REVOKE, ANALYZE, AUDIT, and COMMENT commands do not require exclusive access to the specified object. For example, you can analyze a table while other users are updating the table.
  • Many DDL statements may cause Oracle Database to recompile or reauthorize schema
    objects.

The Oracle Database 12c Session Control Statements dynamically manage the properties of a user session

SATEMENT PAGE NEW COMMIT PL/SQL SUPPORT
ALTER SESSION … 14 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. PL/SQL DOES NOT Support session control statements
SET ROLE 3 DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. To run the SET ROLE command from PL/SQL, you must use dynamic SQL, preferably the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement.

The Oracle Database 12c System Control Statement Dynamically manages the properties of an Oracle Database instance

SATEMENT PAGE NEW COMMIT PL/SQL SUPPORT
ALTER SYSTEM … 22 ALTER SYSTEM DOES NOT implicitly commit the current transaction. PL/SQL DOES NOT Support ALTER SYSTEM statement. This statement does not clear shared SQL and PL/SQL areas for items that are currently being executed. You can use this clause regardless of whether your instance has the database dismounted or mounted, open or closed.

Reference
Oracle® Database SQL Language Reference 12c Release 1 (12.1) E41329-09

Understending trends

Hello friends,

Welcome to my virtual home.

Until recently, I did not think or do anything about personal branding for myself. Being a software engineer for many years, I went through many career changes, learned a lot of things, and enjoyed every part of it. But now, a developer should be  an engineer, a businessman, a marketing and sales person, all in one, The BRAND. A pretty demanding and challenging task.

Among all of those requirements, I found personal marketing as the most demanding one. Why? It consists of numerous tasks that should be done almost on a daily bases besides your regular job. It is an extension of your professional job.

Thanks to books

Guerrilla Marketing for Job Hunters 3.0 ” by Jay Conrad Levinson and David E. Perry

and

Success In Programming” by Frederic Harper

I found valuable advice how to start to promote myself.

All three authors give recommendations in a structured follow-the-list way. Besides books, all of them allow the access to other sources of information on their web sites and YouTube.

David Perry’s book is full of stories told by people who successfully went through the process of promoting themselves and Frederic Harper’s book has a list of other authors that should be read.

The very first thing to be done is to understand what talents you already poses and build your brand on them.

This is the ground zero for me and I started climbing Mount Olympus.

Hope, this will be helpful for you.

Thank you for visiting my blog.

Have a nice day!

P.S. Keep climbing Mount Olympus ( I mean keep learning and make things happen ) !

References:

Success In Programming
Success in Programming: How to Gain Recognition, Power, and Influence Through Personal Branding, by Frederic Harper,  APRESS, 1 edition, 27 Nov. 2014, ISBN-10: 1484200020, ISBN-13: 978-1484200025

Guerrilla Marketing For Job Hunters 3.0
Guerrilla Marketing for Job Hunters 3.0: How to Stand Out from the Crowd and Tap Into the Hidden Job Market using Social Media and 999 other Tactics Today,
by Jay Conrad Levinson and David E. Perry, Wiley, 3 edition, 8 April 2011, ISBN: 1118019091